This review focuses on the association between the neuro-immune axis and bone regeneration, clarifying the core logic by which nerves regulate bone regeneration through influencing the immune microenvironment. It also summarizes the related regulatory pathways and effectors, deepening the theoretical understanding of the neuro-immune axis in bone regeneration.
01 Research Background
Bone has a highly neuroregulated characteristic, and its regeneration process is highly dependent on the nervous system. Existing studies mostly focus on the direct regulatory effects of peripheral nerves and neurotransmitters on bone regeneration, while the complex regulatory role of nerves on the immune microenvironment of bone regeneration has become an emerging research direction in the field.
02 Main Content
This review summarizes the dynamic changes of peripheral nerves during bone regeneration; it elaborates on the conduction pathways and paracrine pathways by which nerves regulate the immune microenvironment of bone formation, and clarifies the specific influences of nerves and nerve factors in this regulatory process.
03 Research Design
This study is a review-type research, integrating existing research results in the field, and analyzing the mechanisms by which nerves regulate bone regeneration through the immune microenvironment from multiple dimensions, with the neuro-immune axis as the core framework.
04 Results
This review has clarified the changing patterns of peripheral nerves during bone regeneration, revealed two core pathways by which nerves regulate the immune microenvironment of bone formation, clarified the regulatory effects of nerves and nerve factors, and improved the basic theoretical system of the neuro-immune axis in bone regeneration.
05 Extension of Thoughts
Based on the regulatory patterns of nerves on the bone-derived immune microenvironment, further exploration of the interaction regulatory pathways among the three systems of nerves, immunity, and bones can be conducted, providing new research directions for understanding the intrinsic regulatory network of bone regeneration.