The current SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) vaccines have demonstrated strong induction of neutralizing antibodies and activation of CD4+ T cells; however, there are differences in the CD8+ response, with limited duration of immunity and protection against mutations. Here, we reuse our DNA origami vaccine nanotechnology DoriVac for targeting infectious viruses, namely SARS-CoV-2, HIV, and Ebola. DNA origami nanoparticles bind to the repetitive 2-peptide of the infection-specific liver protein as highly conserved antigens, along with precise nanoscale spacing CpG adjuvant, inducing neutralizing antibodies, Th1 CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in neonatal mice, superior to the single-dose control. Preclinical studies using the lymph node chip system verified that when DoriVac is combined with antigen peptides or proteins, it can induce promising cellular and humoral immune responses in human cells. Additionally, DoriVac carrying the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can achieve an immune response comparable to existing mRNA vaccine platforms, while also potentially reducing storage limitations. These results indicate that DoriVac has the potential to serve as a multifunctional modular vaccine platform, capable of inducing humoral and cellular immunity, highlighting its potential for future applications. This study was published in Nature Biomedical Engineering under the title "DNA origami vaccine nanoparticles enhance humoral and cellular immune responses to infectious diseases".
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DOI: 10.1038/s41551-026-01614-w