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Abstract:
This article reviews metal-organic framework (MOF) and hydrogel hybrid materials, suggesting a shift from static filler composites to programmable spatiotemporal microenvironment processors. It focuses on five dimensions—structure, interface, dynamics, function, and transformation—explaining how crystalline MOFs and soft hydrogels can work together through interfacial chemistry, dynamic networks, and constrained mass transfer to regulate mechanics, catalysis, transport, and biosensing. The review also covers applications like chronic wounds, oral and maxillofacial care, bone and cartilage, sensing, and environmental remediation, while summarizing challenges like standardization, manufacturability, and long-term safety, providing a unified design framework for the next generation of adaptive materials.
Research Background
MOFs have atomically precise pores, tunable metal nodes, and abundant active sites, but they often come as brittle powders, limiting their processability, water stability, and macroscopic shaping. Hydrogels are soft, water-rich, and viscoelastic, able to mimic the extracellular matrix, but they lack ordered pores and precise catalytic efficiency. Early composites mostly used MOFs as passive fillers, only improving dispersion and handling, without establishing dynamic coupling between the two phases. Therefore, there’s a need to move from simple hard-soft complementarity to interface-mediated, cross-scale, synergistic programmable microenvironment systems.
Extending the idea
In the future, we could develop mechanism-guided and AI-assisted reverse design, working backwards from target functions to blueprint materials. Move from homogeneous matrices to layered, living integrated systems, building gradient, anisotropic, and spatially partitioned structures. Develop adaptive biointerfaces and autonomous systems to achieve closed loops of sensing, feedback, actuation, and therapy. Promote deep integration of chemistry, rheology, immunology, and biomanufacturing. At the same time, we need to establish standardized datasets and physiologically relevant tests to improve reproducibility, comparability, and predictability, so that MOF-hydrogels can move from lab setups to programmable microenvironment materials.
Original source:
Progress in Materials Science
Pub Date: 2026-07-22
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.5c09438
Weichang Li, Lili Chen
Custom Nanomedicine Materials｜Precise Biointerface Modification
Design on demand, support with characterization, iterate solutions, empower cutting-edge biomedical research
Engineer Zhang 17715390137 Engineer Chen 18914047343
