The rational design of nanocomposites that can be activated by the tumor microenvironment (TME) provides a new strategy for constructing a responsive tumor treatment platform. In colorectal cancer (CRC) TME, its unique physiological characteristics are the overexpression and slight acidity of endogenous H2S. Researcher Lin Jun from Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Professor Hou Zhiyao from Guangzhou Medical University, and Professor Jin Dayong from University of Technology Sydney reported a core-shell Cu2O@CaCO3 nanostructure that can be treated by TME of CRC.

Key points of this article:

1) CaCO3 can undergo a responsive decomposition reaction to pH, while Cu2O can react with H2S. Therefore, colorectal TME can trigger Cu2O@CaCO3 to enter the treatment mode. When the CaCO3 shell decomposes and releases calcium in the acidic colorectal TME, the Cu2O core will be exposed and H2S sulfurized to form metabolizable Cu31S16 nanocrystals, which have very strong near-infrared absorption. After modifying hyaluronic acid, Cu2O@CaCO3 can achieve CRC targeting and TME-triggered photothermal-photodynamic-chemical kinetics-calcium overload-mediated coordinated treatment.

2) In addition, experiments have also found that heat generation and oxidative stress Cu2O@CaCO3 nanocomposite materials can effectively reprogram the M2 macrophage phenotype to the M1 phenotype, and initiate vaccine-like immune effects after the primary tumor is cured , Further reverse the immunosuppressive TME and induce a strong immune response, thereby simultaneously inhibiting the remote metastasis and recurrence of CRC.

references:

Mengyu Chang. et al. Colorectal Tumor Microenvironment-Activated Bio-Decomposable and Metabolizable Cu2O@CaCO3 Nanocomposites for Synergistic Oncotherapy. Advanced Materials. 2020

DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004647

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.202004647

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