Technology frontier
Bacterial magnetic nanoparticles can help kill cancer cells
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| Photothermotherapy (PTT) is a cancer treatment in which the therapeutic agent typically absorbs the energy of photons from near-infrared light and then partially dissipates it in the form of heat. When a therapeutic agent, such as nanoparticles, is located near the tumor site, an increase in temperature can cause cell damage, ie, kill cancer cells. | |
| In order for PTT to work effectively, it is most important to design a photothermal conversion agent with low toxicity and high therapeutic efficiency. | |
| In a new study on nanotechnology that kills cancer cells published in biomaterials ( "Bacterial Magnetic Nanoparticles for Cancer Photothermotherapy Guided by MRI") , a group of Chinese scientists used for the first time naturally occurring bacterial magnetic nanoparticles Particles (BMPs-nucleosomes extracted from magnetotactic bacteria)-replace artificial nanoparticles for photothermal cancer treatment. | |
| Magnetotactic bacteria are organisms that produce organelle chains (compartments inside the bacterial cell wall) called magnetosomes, which contain magnetic iron nanoparticles. Magnetosomes allow bacteria to be oriented along the Earth‘s magnetic lines of force in order to migrate to a more favorable environment. | |
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| Magnetic nanoparticles (BMP) extracted from bacteria help kill cancer cells. a) TEM images of bacteria AMB-1 and BMP; b) temperature change of BMP exposed to near-infrared laser; c) T 2 weighted MRI showing tumor location; d) infrared thermal imaging of tumor tissue under PTT; e) after PTT The tumor has been completely cleared. (Picture: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems) (click image to enlarge) | |
| "Compared with engineered magnetic nanoparticles, bone morphogenetic proteins have specific functions, such as large-scale production, monodispersity, good biocompatibility, high crystallinity, and close to bulk magnetization. In addition to being covered with a lipid bilayer, "Professor Lin Lin Li told Nanowerk from the head of the Nano Energy and Nano System Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences at Beijing Institute of Technology. "In previous reports, BMPs have been considered good materials for cancer treatment in hyperthermia. With high saturation magnetization, they can also be used for in vivo MRI . So far, BMP-based PTT has not attracted much attention." | |
| Li explained, of BMPs not only as a photothermal conversion agent, but also enhances the tumor site at the T 2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to guide treatment and monitor the biodistribution of nanoparticles. | |
| "Our in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that BMP has good biocompatibility, high photothermal conversion efficiency, effective photothermal killing effect on tumors, and T2-weighted MRI," said Dr. Chen Chuanfang of China Institute of Electrical Engineering. Fellow of the American Academy of Sciences and co-author of the paper. "Single-dose therapy completely clears tumor tissue without recurrence in mice with liver cancer." | |
| The biofilm layer covering BMP is particularly useful because it eliminates the need for surface modification steps after synthesis, thereby avoiding damage to the human immune system. | |
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The use of BMP as a light-to-heat conversion agent and MRI contrast agent opens a new window for highly targeted cancer treatment and cancer therapy. By integrating active targeting ligands onto the surface of BMP, the team hopes to achieve more effective tumor targeting and treatment. Source: Nanowerk |
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